GD: Bones 4 (First Timers)

The crystal that makes bone hard is:

The chemical formula for the bone crystal is Ca5(PO4)3(OH).

Phosphate, PO4, is a critical component of the bone crystal.

Phosphorolationase is used for smoke bombs in the military because it emits so much smoke. It’s been also used in grenades and in bombs.

A bone osteon is about the size of the upper eyebrow.

Lamellae rings in the osteons grow in rings like tree rings. There can be 20 or more of these rings in each osteon.

To make compact bone, collagen molecules are put into place side-by-side like railroad tracks by the osteoblasts.

The 3 nm bone crystal that is laid down in the collagen matrix in bone is regulated in size by citrate which is poured all over the crystal like syrup on a pancake.

The genetic code of people contains roughly 30,000 protein-coding parts.

Our DNA builds 500,000 miles of blood vessels as well as the same amount for nerves.

Our teeth have the same crystal, hydroxyapatite, as our bones do.

Dentin is the hardest part to the tooth. It is the outer coating of every tooth

Teeth have blood vessels and nerves running into a “cave” in the inside of the tooth.

Which have greater beauty in their smiles? A chimp or a person. Think hard! If you miss this one you are in bad shape!

If DNA wasn’t damaged, our bones could last for a million years because they are continually being remade.

Within a few hours after a bone is broken, special cells begin to clean bone fragments and kill bacteria.

The word phagocyte means “bones that eat” in Greek.

In a broken bone, a soft callus made mostly of cellulose is created around the fracture by another special group of cells.

Special cells–the osteoclasts–mold the new bone to its original shape

Woven bone is produced when “bone” is made rapidly. This woven bone is later replaced by much stronger compact bone.

Bone with lamellae is horribly disorganized.

Laying down collagen fibers correctly in bone is a super-speedy job

The osteoblasts give off bags which break. Then crystals gradually grow into place.

The living imprisoned cells in bone are the:

Osteocytes can “read” chemical messages and pizza-electric fields.

There are lots of living imprisoned cells your bones.

Without the buried osteocyte cells reading bone-stresses correctly, people’s bones would break down years before they turned 20 years old. Feats like what this gymnast is doing would be impossible.

Your clavicle bone makes an astonishing 45º angle into your pelvis.

The femur bone has a head of solid compact bone.

The thigh bones fit nicely into the pelvis with hinge joints like your elbow has.

Without the 45º head of your femur, your legs would rub each other constantly.

Your DNA code gave you astonishing ligaments that hold your hips together with great strength!

Spongy bone and trabecular bone are the same thing.

Your hips are called your pelvis.

There is more than one ligament holding your femur to your pelvis (see below).

The angles of tendons and ligaments and their thicknesses are engineered by the DNA code of the body.

There is a ligament inside the hip ball joint holding the femur in place.

The knee cap bone has a tendon and muscle attaching to it to your toes. (Refer to the picture below)

The muscles for your fingers are mostly in your forearm. (Refer to the picture above.)

Everyone has a 6-pack of abdominal muscles. Whether or not you see them is dependent upon how built up they are and how much fat is under the skin. (Refer to the picture above. Think!)

There are 3 muscles holding your head on the upper part of your body.(Refer to the picture above.)

There are white ligaments wrapping the top of your ankle to help make your ankles more solid. (See picture below)

Muscles from near your shoulder move down and across your back and widen to attach to a long spot going down your back. (See picture below and one in article.)

There are at least 12 muscles pulling on your smile from each side of your mouth.

There are muscles that go around your eyes…one major one goes around the top of the eye and 15 major ones go around the bottom.

There are muscles from the bottom of your chin up to below your lips that you can tighten and make your chin a little hard. (Look at the picture and try it!)

Where are the leg muscles of a horse?

What are the white “strings” in the lower calf of the legs of the horse?

A little bit under the horse’s eye and ear there is a muscle that looks round on one end in this picture. This is the muscle that squeezes the jaw together.

The little muscles that are below the ear are to twitch the ear, like horses do when they try to get rid of flies.

List 5 summaries of the devotional parts in this article and give a different personal application to each.